The ancient (re-)production of images seen through a cultural-historical perspective is at the heart of this study, which, by the means of case studies, examines the specific situational conditions and various influences concerning the production of relief images in the period between the first century B.C.E. and the second century C.E. in Central Italy and Attica. The focus of the first part is on questions regarding the handling of ancient techniques of reproduction, the reception of preceding images and the alterability of their contents. The second part, which builds on the first, is dedicated to the modification of pre-existing images as well as the contextual embedment of relief images, which were manufactured as serial pieces for the furnishing of private and public spaces.