The magnetization process of magnetic materials is still insufficiently modeled to adequately consider it in a numerical simulation of e.g. electrical machines. The basic electromagnetic relationships are already described by the Maxwell equations, but further material models are required to consider special material-dependent effects which are relevant. This thesis discusses a general methodology for the consideration of magnetic material in finite element analysis models and for this purpose enhances suitable material models from the state of the art. The focus is on models with empirical equations and physical parameters that can be extracted directly from measurements. Starting from generally valid model approaches for soft magnetic materials, this thesis concentrates on hard magnetic materials. The emphasis is on high-energy rare-earth magnets, as they represent the most promising choice for technically relevant electrical machines. In contrast to soft magnetic materials, effects such as anisotropy, hysteresis, and dependencies on temperature and magnetization history are much more pronounced. In particular, a simple consideration of anisotropy and hysteresis represents a challenge for modeling. For hard magnets, detailed series of measurements of a pulsed-field magnetometer on samples of high-energy rare-earth magnets serve as a starting point. The model allows to predict the magnetic field and the resulting magnetization during and after any transient magnetization process. The properties of the model are verified by numerical simulation using technically and physically relevant examples. The numerical examples illustrate which practical questions have to be investigated using the model for the simulation in order to ensure safe magnetization of a magnet system.