Mare Thracium – the Thracian Sea – is the northernmost part of the Aegean Sea. It is located between the east coast of Chalkidiki and the Athos peninsula, the coast of the Aegean Thrace, the west coast of the Thracian Chersonese and the islands of Imbros and Lemnos. Despite its peripheral location, this region has been an integral part of the Mediterranean world. The wealth of the resources, such as the silver from Thasos or the Thasian and Samothracian marble, was of great importance, as were also the rivers, such as Strymon and Hebros, which provided a connection to the Thracian hinterland. Numerous harbour cities along the coastlines contributed significantly to the development of the region since the Archaic period and in several cases they continued to exist existed until, and in some cases even after, the Byzantine era.