This book addresses the profound consequences of urbanization on wild salmon, trout, char, grayling and whitefish (collectively salmonids), which have been a significant local food and cultural resource for Pacific Northwest peoples for millennia.

Useful Material is the first book-length study in the philosophy of technical artefacts and their technical functions. It presents an action-theoretical account of using and designing that connects the material side of technical artefacts with the aims of everyday users and the tasks of engineers when designing for those everyday users. The functions of technical artefact play a key role in understanding this connection. The book’s centrepiece is an account of those functions, called the ICE theory. Wybo Houkes and Pieter Vermaas have developed this account in close contact with the engineering literature on designing and the literature on functions in the philosophy of biology and philosophy of mind. As such the book is a telling example of the successful Dutch school of philosophy of technology, aimed at understanding engineering and technology on their own merits. The reader will be presented with a broad and detailed understanding of technical artefacts and their functions, which is sensitive to the dynamic and socially structured practices of using and designing. This understanding shows how our technology-saturated everyday life can be subjected to rigorous philosophical analysis, and how artefacts and technical functions provide an area of inquiry that is equally fascinating as, but genuinely different from, biological items and their functions.