In 2003, the first Iranian law concerning assisted reproduction was passed in the Iranian parliament, permitting embryo donation and (gestational) surrogacy. At the same time, from a religious point of view, most Shia legal authorities have taken a relatively permissive view and generally support assisted reproductive technology, including procedures that involve egg, sperm, and embryo donation and surrogacy arrangements under certain conditions. An examination of the social, legal and religious aspects of the development and implementation of these technologies in Iran is the subject of this monograph. This is the first monograph to offer a cultural account of assisted reproduction in Iran.