Pragmatic research on ELF has investigated how ELF is used to achieve transactional and interactional purposes of the talk in diverse ELF contexts, using a conversation analytic approach. While findings of existing research highlight cooperative, mutually supportive, and consensus-oriented nature of ELF through the analysis of verbal resources, their adversarial aspects and the interplay of verbal and nonverbal resources are somewhat underexplored in the field of research. This book investigates how ELF is used to manage challenging moments in interactions by using multimodal interactional analysis: Thereby reexamining the notion of cooperativeness and elaborating on situational variation in ELF. Based on a qualitative analysis of audio-visual recordings of casual ELF conversation among friends, the book illustrates how interactants utilize various verbal and nonverbal resources at their disposal. They competitively take the conversational floor by overlapping, disagree with a co-interactant, and complain about something or someone else. Given the focus of the research, the book is highly relevant for researchers and under-/post-graduate students who study pragmatics, conversation analysis, and multimodal interactional analysis. weiterlesen