Condensation of Pure Refrigerants and Their Zeotropic Mixtures in Plate Heat Exchangers
Produktform: Buch
Design methods need to be developed so that plate heat exchangers can be used
for the condensation of mixtures. The aim of this study is to contribute to
this development with an improved description of heat transfer and pressure
drop in corrugated channels through experiments for single-phase flow, adiabatic
two-phase flow, convective condensation, and finally condensation of zeotropic
mixtures. Typical studies on plate heat exchangers concern experiments for one
of these processes in several channel geometries; here, the same geometry was
used to study successively all of these increasingly more complex processes so
that analogy concepts can be exploited.
Single-phase flow correlations covering a large range of Reynolds numbers
are determined for the Fanning friction factor and the Nusselt number. A
flow-pattern map for adiabatic two-phase flow of air and water is presented.
Furthermore the pressure drop is correlated based on the results for single-phase
flow. The model on which the correlation is based is coherent with the observed
flow patterns and represents the measurements well.
For the condensation experiments with refrigerant fluids a test section was
developed that allows the measurement of the heat transfer coefficient and the
vapor quality for five zones. The boundary element method is used to solve
the inverse heat conduction problem in the wall and thereby to calculate the
temperature and the heat flux on the corrugated plate surface. This measuring
method differs significantly from previous approaches for determining local values,
which relied on thermocouples on the cooling surface.
For condensation of R134a the influence of the vapor quality on the Nusselt
number is greater than previously reported. Correlations are determined both
for zonewise and for average values. The heat transfer performance is on average
a factor 2.5 better than that of a vertical tube. The pressure drop of condensing
R134a can be predicted to within ±25% with the correlations determined for
adiabatic two-phase flow.
Although the heat transfer coefficients for the condensation of the zeotropic
mixture R134a/R123 are smaller than for condensation of pure R134a, the
difference decreases as condensation proceeds and is smaller for lower mass
fractions of R123 in the vapor, even for condensation of zeotropic mixtures the
heat transfer is better than in a vertical tube.weiterlesen