This book presents the main objective to address both the empirical and practical aspects of HOTS by providing a manual of theories, empirical research, and practical techniques and strategies to equip students and teachers with applicable and accessible techniques and practices.There is a general consensus among educators that cultivating thinking skills is essential to meeting academic objectives and an important element for future success in many disciplines. Higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) are indispensable learning outcomes due to the role they play in critical thinking about complex issues, self-regulation and decision-making, and the judicious application of intellectual and practical skills required for constructive participation in academic, personal, and social life.In the domain of second/foreign language learning, the value of HOTS has attracted the attention of scholars and practitioners recently. Rote learning has been deemphasized and replaced by a conceptualization of learning as an evolving process of discovery, questioning, and reformulation of hypotheses. Key to this discussion is that HOTS enhance higher-order learning skills, which in turn facilitate attaining higher levels of language proficiency. Notwithstanding the significance of HOTS in effective learning including language learning, there is little practical guidance on HOTS from which both students and teachers can benefit. A practical resource that puts theory into practice and introduces novel activities specifically for learners helpful to many readers. weiterlesen