used. Generally in the development of a process, research activity will start with the physiology of the immobilized cells and be concluded by scale-up and application. Guidelines for the different phases in research are given below. Springer Lab Manual about immobilized cells The Springer Lab Manual about immobilized cells is structured in such a way that guidelines that resulted from the conference 'Immobilized Cells: Basics and Applications' were followed and translated into some practical methods. As for the guidelines for immobilized cells a structure was chosen in which general aspects of immobilization were covered, the kinetics were described and engineering aspects were covered. Besides laboratory meth ods some simple calculation procedures have been given in this lab man ual. The combination of the practical methods with the calculations pro vide a tool for carrying out research with immobilized cells. The lab manual concludes with some recent, promising and practical cases of immobilized cells as examples of applications with potential.weiterlesen