This book addresses how the electromagnetic field can be directly visualized and precisely interpreted based on Maxwell?s equations formulated by the special relativity which would lead to developing and understanding electromagnetic properties of advanced materials and devices. In doing so, it delivers a unique route to image materials in higher resolution which would help in improved image reconstruction. The focus of this book is on in-situ observation of electromagnetic fields of diverse functional materials. Furthermore, an extension of electron holographic techniques such as direct observation of accumulation and collective motions of electrons around the charged insulators are also explained. Therefore , ensures, a deeper understanding of functionalities of advanced materials.weiterlesen