In this thesis, silver-plated mono and multifilament fibres are a clear silver thread woven through all of the scientific research. Surface texture, roughness determination and high-resolution topography measurements were analysed and a novel threshold-free denoising algorithm for surface scans using the wavelet transform method with a seminorm was implemented. Selected properties of mono and multifilament fibres included the influence of swelling and shrinking effects and a high-frequency characterisation by different transmission-line resonators were analysed. Novel embroidered multi-resonant microwave resonators were implemented exemplary in respiratory filters for high-frequency particle sensing and scattering-parameters were analysed. The results of the modelling and simulations are presented. The conception, design and implementation of the Takagi-Sugeno observer and extended Kalman filter is shown and an innovative model description for virtual sensing of an embroidered hybrid heater structure were introduced. A cascaded sliding mode control approach is presented. Hardware-in-the-loop simulations and measurements were performed and the algorithm complexity of the observers were compared. An innovative nonlinear model of a self-sensing soft actuator based on the thermally expandable silver-plated fibre is presented. A switching extended Kalman filter is used for health monitoring and sensor fusion. An adaptive controller concept based on orthogonal wavelets and was successfully tested.weiterlesen