We live in a Post-Oil Environment. Anthropogenic carbon emissions created this environment, puncturing the earth’s surface to extract, refine, transport, and burn fossil fuels across the global logistics landscape. Based on a transscalar investigation, this work describes how this process evolved into a spatial regime, focusing on the vertical impacts of climate change as the shifting edges of water and land challenge the very premise for architecture and the city: the ground. It outlines strategies on how architecture can develop a disciplinary response to climate change adaptation and finds the answer in the discipline’s core: the type. Based on the theories of typology by Durand, de Quincy, Rossi, and Moneo, this work proposes twelve typologies found in historical precedent, characterized by their distinct object-to-ground relationship. These typologies adapt to contextual conditions and are applicable to various scales - from the architectural object across the urban to the territorial scale. Typological Adaptation presents a method for architects and urban designers during the initial design and planning phases in a world where the ground becomes increasingly more variable than constant and, therefore, requires a typological response.weiterlesen