The purpose of this anthology is a better understanding of the many different developments of physical education and school sport after almost two decades of the 21st century and a comparison of the current status of physical education and school sport (PESS) across countries in Europe. For better comparisons of the different unique developments between the European countries a basic set of eight criteria (A-H) have been identified for each chapter of a country review. This set of criteria includes: A. Important items of the current national school system (briefly on primary, secondary schools), B. Historical background and development of compulsory PESS (at least after World War II), C. Aims and objectives of current PESS curricula and teaching concepts of PESS, D. Promotion of active learning with physical activities at school, E. Extra-curricular settings at school and current developments of physical activities of stakeholders outside schools in collaboration with schools and active communities, F. Purpose, structure, aims and objectives of PESS teacher training, G. Current research/evaluation items, findings and results of PESS studies in the country, H. Needs and items of new cross-border and EU-based PESS research studies. The book is divided into three parts. Part One includes general items of the development of PESS in Europe. The second part comprises about 20 different country reviews all written by national experts. Part Three documents a comparative analysis of the country reviews about health development and motor competences, psycho-social benefits of PE with support of cognitive growth and other common items of development, e.g. community-based networks of PESS and new challenges for PE teacher training. weiterlesen