The book covers both the semantics and proof theory of the standard sentential (also called propositional) logic and predicate (also called first-order) logic. Covered are also: parsing trees, extraction of alternative notations (Polish notation), Fitch-style proof-theory, a sequent proof system, “tree” proof systems, comparisons and contrasts with a philosophically vital rival logic (Intuitionistic Logic), and presentations of predicate logic models both for domains with all named objects and domains that do not have all objects named. The obligatory ancillary chapter on elements of set theory is placed conveniently at the end, with some allowances made for glimpses into the Zermelo-Fraenkel systematization of set theory. Philosophy of logic elements are briefly covered in the opening analysis of the characterizing features of logic; metalogic (soundness and completeness proofs for the formal systems) is excluded but select exercises in the text afford instructive presentations of certain metalogical subjects (explanation and application of mathematical induction on the construction of the formula, tests for well-formedness for the Polish notation, and functional completeness). weiterlesen