The book focuses on the changes that the media system in Turkey went through since early 2000s under the AKP rule. Its perspective considers sociology of rights and citizenship as it focuses on political processes such as Europeanization, de-Europeanization, authoritarianism on the one hand and implications of digitalization and new media convergence on the other. It begins with an overview of citizenship and national identity formation in Turkey and then tracks the transformation of the media system in all its aspects—mainstream, minority, alternative, public service broadcasting, digital—since the beginning of the 2000s. These are explored through the trajectories of normative, communicative, participative, and entrepreneurial citizenship practices. The final sections focus on aspects of convergence evidenced in bottom-up and participatory forms of digital media such as the birth of citizen journalism, fact-checkers and born-digital platforms after the demise of conventional mainstream media under significantly polarized and increasingly de-Europeanizing settings in recent years. weiterlesen