The book explores the concept of intercultural communicative competence as an aim of foreign Language learning. It examines in particular the role of student mobility and how short stays abroad affect higher education students’ perceptions of their development of this complex competence. It explores the coinage of the term intercultural communicative competence and the current debate regarding its definition, usage and usefulness and describes an empirical study in which students participate in an eight-week short stay abroad and are asked about their perceived development of intercultural communicative competence and the ways in which their expectations for the stay abroad are met.