Nach einsetzendem Regen kann der Fall eintreten, dass der Reifen-Fahrbahn-Reibwert erheblich reduziert sein kann. Dies kann darauf zurückgeführt werden, dass sich nicht reines Wasser im Kontakt befindet, sondern dass in diesem Wasser auf der Straßenoberfläche befindliche Verschmutzungen gelöst oder dispergiert sein können. Dies kann dazu führen, dass sich die Viskosität oder/und die Oberflächenspannung des Wassers verändert und sich dies nachteilig auf den Reibwert auswirkt. After a certain spell of dry weather, rain on the road can make the surface even more slippery. This is due mainly to surface contamination such as oil or dust, polluting the water and resulting in poor gripping of the road by the tires. In fact, as the contaminants substantially influence the viscosity and/or the surface tension, they also affect the surface-wetting property of the water; and this will eventually cause a severe decrease in the tire/road grip.

Höhere Effizienz erzielen SOFC-Brennstoffzellen, je geringer die internen elektrochemischen Verluste sind. Diese Arbeit untersucht isolierende Zweitphasen an der Kathoden/Elektrolyt-Grenzfläche die während der Herstellung entstehen. Vollzellen und Modellsystemen werden elektrochemisch charakterisiert, elektronenmikroskopisch analysiert und tomographisch rekonstruiert. Ein FEM-Modell deckt leistungsbegrenzende Faktoren auf. Als Ergebnis wird eine optimierte Herstellungsroutine vorgeschlagen. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) achieve high efficiencies, the lower the internal electrochemical losses are. This work investigates insulating secondary phases at the cathode/electrolyte interface that are formed during fabrication. Full cells and model systems are electrochemically characterized, analyzed by electron microscopy and reconstructed by tomography. A FEM model reveals performance limiting factors. As a result, an optimized production routine is proposed.

Current automotive radar sensors prove to be a weather robust and low-cost solution, but are suffering from low resolution and are not capable of classifying detected targets. However, for future applications like autonomous driving, such features are becoming ever increasingly important. On the basis of successful state-of-the-art applications, this work presents the first in-depth analysis and ground-breaking, novel results of polarimetric millimeter wave radars for automotive applications.

The origin of this research was the failed attempt or rather the impossibility of creating a working and effective information system to support the processes of Strategic Product Planning, based on existing process descriptions for that domain. This dissertation explores the origins of the according problems. As is discovered, the problems do not originate in error containing models or simple programming failures. Rather, as is explored, the origin of the encountered problems lies in fundament.

A main property of software-intensive technical systems is sustainability. Sustainable systems need to change continuously. A change to a system element can result in further changes to other system elements. If these elements originate from different domains, the change can also propagate between several domains. This book presents an architecture-based approach to change propagation analysis of software-intensive technical systems that considers heterogeneous elements from different domain.

Fahrdynamikuntersuchungen eines batterieelektrisch betriebenen Elektrofahrzeugs mit Einzelrad-Hinterradantrieb. Es werden von einer analytischen Herleitung über Vollfahrzeugsimulationen bis zu Fahrversuchen im Funktionsprototyp durchgängige Aussagen zu fahrdynamischen Veränderungen bei Erhöhung der Hinterachslast und deren Kompensationsmöglichkeiten durch Torque Vectoring generiert. Research on the drivability of a battery electric vehicle with single wheel drives on the rear axis. Theoretical analyses and simulation results as well as real driving test with a prototype car are performed to generate an understandig on the influences of increased rear axle loads on the driveability. Furthermore, the capability to compensate eventual disadvantages via torque vectoring are discussed.

Environmental investments, such as emission control measures hardly gain profit but are enforced by policy. Such investments can be expected to be delayed as much as legally feasible. Yet, if increasing expenditures for the same investment in the future are likely to occur, an advanced investment may be favorable. A cost calculation methodology for NOx control techniques and a real option based decision support model for investments not gaining economic profit is presented in the book.

In dieser Arbeit wird ein Ansatz entwickelt, um Pkw-Nutzung im zeitlichen Längsschnitt abzubilden. Der gewählte Ansatz erlaubt es, die Unterschiedlichkeit der Fahrzeugnutzung, aufgelöst auf Einzelfahrten, repräsentativ für die deutsche Flotte über ein ganzes Jahr zu modellieren. Die Relevanz einer längsschnittorientierten Betrachtung der Pkw-Nutzung wir anhand aktueller verkehrspolitischer und verkehrsplanerischer Fragestellungen aufgezeigt. This work deals with the development of a car-use model to identify the intra-car and inter-car variability of use patterns over one year for a representative German car fleet. The importance of a longitudinal perspective on car-use is illustrated by case studies on current transport policy and transport panning issues.

Die Arbeit untersucht den Lebensweg des von 1956 bis 1974 im Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe als Geschäftsführer wirkenden Rudolf Greifeld. Es fragt nach seiner Rolle im Nationalsozialismus und behandelt die seit den 1970er Jahren gegen ihn erhobenen Vorwürfe. Dabei werden auch Greifelds Kollegen in der Geschäftsführung des Zentrums betrachtet, deren Karrieren im Nationalsozialismus bereits deutlich weiter fortgeschritten waren und teilweise zu deutlich stärkeren Verstrickungen geführt hatten. This book examines the professional life of Rudolf Greifeld, who was a managing director from 1956 to 1974 at the Karlsruhe Nuclear Research Center. Main topics are his role in National Socialism and the allegations against him risen in the 1970s. The survey also includes Greifeld's colleagues in the management of the center, whose careers in National Socialism had progressed much further and in some cases had led to much stronger entanglements.

Modularization and standardization (M&S) of MEP (mechanical, electrical, and plumbing) systems improve end customer value according to lean concepts and principles. However, the implementation of M&S is challenging. The challenges of the implementation were investigated and a guidelines model is developed, based on the executed case studies, the interviews, and literature of M&S. Suggestions to manage the implementation of M&S of MEP systems are made depending on lean concepts and tools.