ICON-ART wird um die Beschreibung der optischen Eigenschaften von Vulkanasche erweitert. Dies ermöglicht die Untersuchung der Aerosol-Strahlungswechselwirkungen auf die Prozesse der synoptischen Skala. Zudem wird ein Lidar-Vorwärtsoperator implementiert, der die direkte Simulation der abgeschwächte Rückstreuung, unter berücksichtigung der Partikelform durch T-Matrix Rechnungen, erlaubt. Simulationen des Eyjafjallajökull Ausbruchs 2010 verdeutlichen die Bedeutung dieser Erweiterungen. ICON-ART is extended by the description of the optical properties of volcanic ash. This allows the study of aerosol-radiation interactions of ash on the processes of the synoptic scale. In addition, a lidar forward operator is implemented, which allows the direct simulation of the attenuated backscatter, taking into account the particle shape by T-matrix calculations. Simulations of the Eyjafjallajökull eruption 2010 demonstrate the importance of these extensions.

Die wachsende Nachfrage nach höherer Leistung und geringerer Umweltbelastung durch tribologische Geräte hat zur Entwicklung strukturierter Oberflächen geführt, die Reibungsverluste und Verschleißphänomene reduzieren können. Ein großer Teil der tribologischen Forschung an solchen Oberflächen beruht auf experimentellen Untersuchungen, die auf Pin-on-Disc-Tribometern basieren. Ziel der Arbeit ist, die numerische Darstellung dieser Experimente und die Untersuchung des Einflusses von Texturen. The growing demand for higher performance and lower environmental impactof tribological devices has led to the development of textured surfaces as efficient way to reduce friction losses and wear. Great part of the tribological research of such engineered surfaces relies on experimental set-ups based on pin-on-disc tribometers. The aim of the present work is the numerical representation of such kind of experimental set-ups in order to study the influence of textures in the hydrodynamic regime.

In the context of the “energy transition", national energy systems are currently undergoing fundamental structural changes. In this context, this work analyzes public acceptance of renewable energies and respective explanatory factors. It goes beyond existing studies by applying the same research design in four countries, which allows for comparative testing of various hypotheses from the research field across countries and technologies.

Ein bestehendes Bemessungsmodell für Anschlüsse mit axial beanspruchten Holzschrauben, die Kraft-komponenten rechtwinklig zur Faserrichtung in Holzbauteile einleiten, wurde auf der Grundlage beste-hender und neuer Versuchsergebnisse modifiziert. Das modifizierte Modell ermöglicht eine einfache Bemessung von Verbindungen mit axial beanspruchten Schrauben und Lastkomponenten rechtwinklig zur Faser. An existing design model for timber connections with axially loaded screws introducing load compo-nents perpendicular to grain was modified based on existing and new test data. The modified model provides a simple design method for connections with axially loaded screws and load components per-pendicular to grain.

Improving the understanding and representation of heavy precipitation is crucial to prevent its hazards. A powerful means to reduce errors is to assimilate high-resolution humidity GPS observations. Here, novel experiments employing sub-hourly atmospheric GPS, in-situ observations and nudging are used to study the impact of moisture corrections on convection. This work adds new explanations on the sensitivity of extreme precipitation to moisture changes and on the added value of nudging GPS.

We investigate superconducting granular aluminum (grAl) as a promising material for quantum circuits. We show that grAl strips can reach kinetic inductances up to nH/sq, while maintaining small microwave frequency losses. We identify excess quasiparticles as a limiting loss mechanism, and find quasiparticle relaxation times on the order of seconds. By fabricating a fluxonium quantum bit with a grAl superinductor, we demonstrate that grAl is a viable material for superconducting quantum circuits.

Enterprise software helps organizations comply with laws and regulations, yet software itself creates negative externalities that can undermine rights and laws. Software developers are an important regulatory force, yet many know little about how law and software interact. This work examines developer understanding of legal concepts and examples of the software code and law relationship: payroll, Sarbanes Oxley Act, web accessibility, and data protection.

Im Kontext der Energie- und Klimaziele der Bundesregierung untersucht diese Arbeit das wirtschaftliche Potenzial sektorgekoppelter Wärmeerzeugertechniken in Wohngebäuden zur Flexibilisierung der Elektrizitätsversorgung in Deutschland. Dazu werden ein integriertes Energiesystemmodell zur Langfristplanung der Energieversorgung der Wohngebäude sowie ein Entscheidungsmodell zur Energieversorgung einzelner Wohngebäude entwickelt und angewendet. In the context of the German Federal Government's energy and climate policy objectives, this contribution analyses the economic potential for residential heat supply technologies in flexibilising electricity supply in Germany. To this end two approaches are developed, implemented and applied: an integrated energy system model for planning of the residential energy supply on the long term, and a decision model on building level.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein numerisches Verfahren zur Simulation des Formadaptionsprozesses von Tensegrity-Strukturen vorgestellt. This work introduces a numerical procedure for the simulation of shape adaptive tensegrity structures.

Transparent objects play crucial roles in humans’ everyday life, must meet high quality requirements and therefore must be visually inspected. Developing automated visual inspection systems for complex-shaped transparent objects still represents a challenging task. As a solution, this book introduces light field methods for all main components of a visual inspection system: a novel light field sensor, suitable processing methods and a light field illumination approach.